Biopsychosocial Perspective Essay

Psychologists past, present, and future desire the answer to cardinal basic question what factors crop a persons physical and mental health atomic number 18 they related if a relationship exists thus health Psychology emerged. In pursuit of the answer some(prenominal) instances or places came about. Over time psychologist realized that focusing on one causal factor results in incomplete information for analysis of health and illness. Thus, the biopsycho favorable model became the primary linear perspective used and is the focus of this paper. This perspective recognizes that biologic, mental, and sociocultural forces act together to determine an mortals health and vulnerability to disease that is, health and disease must be explained in terms of multiple settings (Straub, 2012, p. 16). Achieving an understanding of biopsychosocial perspective requires a rendering of the systems and triad mise en scenes of this theory, examination of the ferment of this theory on the biomedical viewpoint, and examination of how the interaction of biological, mental, and social factors ininfluenzaence a persons health. Through a hypothetical scenario an illustration of the ways in which alone three factors interacts and influences an individuals health and eudaemonia will emerge to reaffirm understanding.Three systems and contextsThe biopsychosocial model consists of systems and three contexts immune system, endocrine system, nervous system, and cardiovascular system, as well as biological context, psychological context, and social context. As most humans k straightaway the immune system is how people fight seclude disease and illness. If the immune system is weakened then the disease or illness will take over and weaken its host. The endocrine system is the glands inside the body and the hormones produced by the glands. The nervous system controls the glands by dint of stimulation. The hormones released from the glands interact throughout the body to maint ain homeostasis. The nervous system comprises the brain, the sensory organs, the spinal cord, and each the poise connecting these organs with the rest of the body. The primary job of the nervous system is controlling the body and communication within its parts. The cardiovascular system is the blood, blood vessels, and the heart. The primary job of the cardiovascular system is to carry oxygen, nutrient, cellular dissipation products, and hormones within the body. All these systems work together to keep the body functioning and healthy.If any system is weak for any reason the body is vulnerable to disease and illness. The systems work together within the human body, just now they also interact with the biological context, psychological context, and social context to influence health and well-being (Albery & Munafo, 2008). The biological context examines how genetics influence health. The psychological context examines how psychological influences (coping strategies) affect health and illness. The social context examines how social influences (culture, family, society.) affect health and illness. These systems and contexts work together like the gears of a clock to influence an individuals health and well-being. If a gear gets nicked the clock starts to slowly lose time, further refer the gear and the clock is good as new. This is true of the biopsychosocial model of health and well-being also. The biopsychosocial model was non the first model psychologist used to explain health and well-being it was the biomedical model.Influence on biomedical ModelThe biomedical model considers the absence of disease is physical health. This model is good practice but it has limitations. The biomedical model focuses on health and well-being as biological issues with biomedical solutions (Sutton, Baum, & Johnston, 2005). On the early(a) hand, the biopsychosocial model takes into account the whole person leading to extensive research in many aspects of wellness. It addr esses more than than physical well-being as many people now ar ill but they move over no presence of disease. Socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity and generational differences all play important roles in this model of wellness (Marks, Murray, Evans, & Estacio, 2011). The biopsychosocial model is an expansion of the biomedical model. This new model agrees that biological issues influences health andwell-being, but also believes that psychological and social issues influence health and well-being as well.Three factors influence on health and well-beingA 30 year old mother of four children under 10 goes to her physician quetch of extreme fatigue and a loss of energy. Many people would say of course you are tired. You take four young children. She has high blood pressure, but her practice of medicine controls it so that is ruled out as the cause of her fatigue. Her doctor runs blood work, sends her for a stillness study, and asks questions about social and psychological issues t hat could be bothering her. When all the results are in there is no answer for her fatigue so the doctor diagnosis her with chronic Fatigue Syndrome which means that no one knows why you are tired. Over the next several historic period she is in and out of her doctors office. The fatigue has such a toll on the char that she gets sick easily and more often. Until she turned 30 this womanhood only had seasonal allergies and never got the flu or a cold. Now she seems to be sick more than not. Using the biopsychosocial model to examine this womans health and well-being will show how the biological, psychological, and social contexts as well as the systems are interacting to influence her health.When the doctor was questioning the woman about her psychological and social well-being he was ruling out depression as the cause. The woman is not fatigued because she is a busy mom earlier the cause is a deficiency of a chemical in the brain. Through the numerous visits to her doctor she learns of a vitamin D deficiency, an underactive thyroid, and finally the root cause of her fatigue Narcolepsy. Narcolepsy is a sleep disorder which affects an individuals waking hours as a result of insufficient sleep. This disorder leaves the woman needing to take medication to sleep and medication to stay awake, but still feeling fatigued about half the time. The systems gnarly in this individuals health issues are the nervous, endocrine, and cardiovascular. Looking back at the clock analogy, three of the gears of her clock have nicks. Since three of her systems are weak this woman is vulnerable to disease and illness. The biological context of her health is the deficiency of the chemical within the brain. The psychological context of her health is how she copes and over comes the issues surrounding her disorder. The social context of her health is how her family, friends, andcommunity react to her disorder.On a daily basis she struggles to function adequately. She is now 37 yea rs old and works as a substitute teacher, working on her masters, wife, and mother. each day she wakes up feeling as though she could go back to sleep and did for the first devil years. She could sleep eight to nine hours at night get her kids off to school then sleep all day till her kids get home. With the medication she takes now the day time sleepiness is not as severe, but atomic number 50 still be overwhelming some days. Imagine the social issues that can arise as a substitute teacher if her medication is not working and she falls sound asleep(predicate) while with students. Trying to function with narcolepsy when life previous to the disorder consists of outdoor activities, energy, and multi-tasking can cause psychological issues. Having a strong social support system, following medical advice, and a strong will to keep an eye on keep the woman psychologically strong. The woman does struggle in her academic life, but refuses to give up. So tired and rundown daily she fig hts thru any issues that arise from the disorder that now runs her biological, psychological, and social life. Although, her clock may lose time as a result of the nicked gears, she duck-tapes the nicks and reset her clock daily. Narcolepsy is a life altering, obs remedy neurological disorder that can pose serious problems for the ones affected by it. Although, there is no cure for narcolepsy research shows that with medication, education on the disorder, counseling, support from family members and friends, that there can be some relief from the symptoms. finishingOver time psychologist realized that focusing on one causal factor results in partial information for analysis of health and illness. Thus, the biopsychosocial model became the primary perspective used and was the focus of this paper. An understanding of the biopsychosocial perspective attained through a description of the systems and three contexts of this theory, examination of the influence of this theory on the biome dical viewpoint, and examination of how the interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors influence a persons health. The hypothetical scenario looked at a woman with narcolepsy and the issues she faces daily from a biopsychosocial perspective.ReferencesAlbery, I. P., & Munafo, M. (2008). Key Concepts in Health Psychology. Thousand Oaks, Ca SAGE Publications. Marks, D. F., Murray, M., Evans, B., & Estacio, E. V. (2011). Health Psychology Theory, Research, and Practice 3rd Edition. Thousand Oaks, Ca SAGE Publications. Straub, R. O. (2012). Health Psychology A Biopsychosocial overture 3rd Edition. New York, NY Worth Publishers. Sutton, S., Baum, A., & Johnston, M. (2005). The SAGE Handbook of Health Psychology. Thousand Oaks, Ca SAGE Publications.